The Effect of Weight Control on Lipid Changes in Obese Children

References
1 Akerblom HK, Viikari J, Raitakari OT, Uhari M: Cardiovascular risk in young Finns Study:
General outline and recent developments. Ann Med 1999;31(suppl 1):45–54.
2 Ronnemaa T, Knip M, Lautala P, Viikari J, Uhari M, Leino A, Kaprio EA, Salo MK, Dahl M,
Nuutinen EM: Serum insulin and other cardiovascular risk indicators in children, adolescents and
young adults. Ann Med 1991;23:67–72.
Wabitsch M, Hauner H, Heinze E, Muche R, Böckmann A, Prthon W, Mayer H, Teller W: Body
fat distribution and changes in atherogenic risk-factor profile in obese adolescent girls during
weight reduction. Am J Clin Nutr 1994;60:54–60.
4 Zwiauer KFM, Pakosta R, Müller T, Widhalm K: Cardiovascular risk factors in obese children in
relation to weight and body fat distribution. J Am Coll Nutr 1992;11(suppl):41S–50S.
5 Frerichs RR, Webber LS, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS: Relation of serum lipids and lipoproteins
to obesity and sexual maturity in white and black children. Am J Epidemiol 1978;108:486–496.
6 Glueck CL, Taylor HL, Jacobs D, Morrison JA, Beaglehole R, Williams OD: Association with
measurements of body mass: The Lipid Research Clinics Program Prevention Study. Circulation
1980;62(suppl 4):62–69.
7 Freedman DS, Shear CL, Burke GL, Srinivasan SR, Webber LS, Harsha DW, Berenson GS:
Persistence of juvenile-onset obesity over eight years: The Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Publ Hlth
1987;77:588–592.
8 Freedman DS, Srinivasan SR, Harsha DW, Webber LS, Berenson GS: Relation of body fat
patterning to lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in children and adolescents: The Bogalusa Heart
Study. Am J Clin Nutr 1989;50:930–939.
9 Zwiauer K, Widhalm K, Kerbl B: Relationship between body fat distribution and blood lipids in
obese adolescents. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1990;14:271–277.
10Lauer RM, Lee J, Clarke WR: Predicting adult cholesterol levels from measurements in childhood
and adolescence: The Muscatine Study. Bull NY Acad Med 1989;65:1127–1142.
11 Bao W, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS: Persistent elevation of plasma insulin levels is associated
with increased cardiovascular risk in children and young adults. The Bogalusa Heart Study.
Circulation 1996;93:54–59.
12 Chen W, Bao W, Begum S, Elkasabany A, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS: Age-related patterns of
the clustering of cardiovascular risk variables of syndrome X from childhood to young adulthood
in a population made up of black and white subjects: The Bogalusa Heart Study. Diabetes 2000;
49:1042–1048.
13 Hulman S, Kushner H, Katz S, Falkner B: Can cardiovascular risk be predicted by newborn, childhood,
and adolescent body size? An examination of longitudinal data in urban African-Americans.
J Pediatr 1998;132:90–97.
14 McGill HC Jr, McMahan CA, Herderick EE, Zieske AW, Malcom GT, Tracy RE, Strong JP for
the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) Research Group: Obesity
accelerates the progression of coronary atherosclerosis in young men. Circulation 2002;105:
2712–2718.
15 Knip M, Nuutinen O: Long-term effects of weight reduction on serum lipids and plasma insulin
in obese children. Am J Clin Nutr 1993;57:490–493.
16 Wabitsch M, Hauner H, Bockmann A, Parthon W, Mayer H, Teller W: The relationship between
body fat distribution and weight loss in obese adolescent girls. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord
1992;16:905–911.
17 Freedman DS, Dietz WH, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS: The relation of overweight to cardiovascular
risk factors among children and adolescents: The Bogalusa Heart Study. Pediatrics 1999;
103:1175–1182.
18 Laskarzewski P, Morrison JA, Mellies MJ: Relationships of measurements of body mass to plasma
lipoprotein in schoolchildren and adults. Am J Epidemiol 1980;111:395–406.
19 Raitakari OT, Porkka KVK, Rönnemaa T, Åkerblom HK: Clustering of risk factors for coronary
heart disease in children and adolescents: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Acta
Paediatr 1994;83:935–940.
20Lauer RM, Connor WE, Leaverton PE, Reiter MA, Clarke WR: Coronary heart disease risk factors
in school children: The Muscatine Study. J Pediatr 1975;86:697–706.
21 Khoury PR, Morrison JA, Kelly K, Mellies M, Horvitz R, Glueck C: Clustering and interrelationships
of coronary heart disease risk factors in schoolchildren, ages 6–19. Am J Epidemiol
1980;112:524–538.
22 Killeen J, Vanderburg D, Harlan WR: Application of weight-height ratios and body indices to juvenile
populations: The National Health Examination Survey data. J Chron Dis 1978;31:529–537.
Seidell JC: Regional obesity and health. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1992;16(suppl 2):
531–534.
24 Richard PJ, Cambien F: The pattern of subcutaneous fat distribution in middle-aged men and the
risk of coronary heart disease: The Paris Prospective Study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1986;
10:229–240.
25 Wabitsch M, Hauner H, Heinze E, Muche R, Böckmann A, Benz R, Mayer H, Teller W: Body fat
distribution and steroid hormone concentration in obese adolescent girls before and after weight
reduction. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995;80:3469–3475.
26 Maffeis C, Pietrobelli A, Grezzani A, Provera A, Tatò T: Waist circumference and cardiovascular
risk factors in prepubertal children. Obesity Res 2001;9:179–187.
27 Mueller WH, Wohlleb JC: Anatomical distribution of subcutaneous fat and its description by multivariate
methods: How valid are principal components? Am J Phys Anthropol 1981;54:25–35.
28 Caprio S, Hyman LD, McCarthy S, Lange R, Bronson M, Tamborlane WV: Fat distribution and
cardiovascular risk factors in obese adolescent girls: Importance of the intra-abdominal fat depot.
Am J Clin Nutr 1996;64:12–17.
29 Goran MI, Kaskoun M, Shuman WP: Intra-abdominal adipose tissue in young children. Int J Obes
Relat Metab Disord 1995;19:279–283.
30W eststrate JA, Deurenberg P, van Tinteren H: Indices of body fat distribution and adiposity in
Dutch children from birth to 18 years of age. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1989;13:465–477.
31 Sangi H, Mueller WH: Which measure of body fat distribution is best for epidemiologic research
among adolescents? Am J Epidemiol 1991;133:870–883.
32 Abraham S, Collins G, Nordsieck M: Relationship of childhood weight status to morbidity in
adults. HSMHA Health Rep 1971;86:273–284.
33 Hoffmans MD, Kromhout D, de Lezenne Coulander C: The impact of body mass index of 78,612
18-year old Dutch men on 32-year mortality from all causes. J Clin Epidemiol 1988;41:749–756.
34 Nieto FJ, Szklo M, Comstock GW: Childhood weight and growth rate as predictors of adult mortality.
Am J Epidemiol 1992;136:201–213.
35 Must A, Jacques PF, Dallal GE, Bajema CJ, Dietz WH: Long-term morbidity and mortality of
overweight adolescents: A follow-up of the Harvard Growth Study of 1922 to 1935. N Engl J Med
1992;327:1350–1355.
36 Lake JK, Power C, Cole TJ: Child to adult body mass index in the 1958 British birth cohort:
Associations with parental obesity. Arch Dis Child 1997;77:376–381.
37 Mossberg HO: 40-year follow-up of overweight children. Lancet 1989;ii:491–493.
38 Davis PH, Dawson JD, Riley WA, Lauer RM: Carotid intimal-medial thickness is related to cardiovascular
risk factors measured from childhood through middle age: The Muscatine Study.
Circulation 2001;104:2815–2819.
39 McGill H, McMahan CA, Zieske AW, Tracy RE, Malcom GT, Herderick EE, Strong JP, MD for
the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) Research: Association of
coronary heart disease risk factors with microscopic qualities of coronary atherosclerosis in youth.
Circulation 2000;102:374–379.
40T uzcu EM, Kapadia SR, Tutar E, Ziada KM, Hobbs RE, McCarthy PM, Young JP, Nissen SE: High
prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis in asymptomatic teenagers and young adults: Evidence
from intravascular ultrasound. Circulation 2001;103:2705–2710.
41 Sothern MS, Despinasse B, Brown R, Suskind RM, Udall JN Jr, Blecker U: Lipid profiles of
obese children and adolescents before and after significant weight loss: Differences according to
sex. South Med J 2000;93:278–282.
42 Oren A, Vos LE, Uiterwaal CS, Gorissen WH, Grobbee DE, Bots ML: Change in body mass index
from adolescence to young adulthood and increased carotid intima-media thickness at 28 years of
age: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Young Adults study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2003;27:
1383–1390.
43 Korsten-Reck U, Bauer S, Keul J: Sports and nutrition – An out-patient program for adipose children
(long-term experience). Int J Sports Med 1994;15:242–248.
44 Sondike SB, Copperman N, Jacobson MS: Effects of a low-carbohydrate diet on weight loss and
cardiovascular risk factor in overweight adolescents. J Pediatr 2003;142:253–258.
Epstein LH, Kuller LH, Wing RR, Valoski A, McCurley J: The effect of weight control on lipid
changes in obese children. Am J Dis Child 1989;143:454–457.
46 Zwiauer K, Kerbl B, Widhalm K: No reduction of high density lipoprotein 2 during weight reduction
in obese children and adolescents. Eur J Pediatr 1989;149:192–193.

0 komentar:

Posting Komentar

 
Copyright © 2011 FAT CAMPS FOR KIDS | Themes by ada-blog.com.