The human obesity gene map

References
1 Barsh GS, Farooqi IS, O’Rahilly S: Genetics of body-weight regulation. Nature 2000;404:
644–651.
2 Chagnon YC, Rankinen T, Snyder EE, Weisnagel SJ, Perusse L, Bouchard C: The human obesity
gene map: The 2002 update (Review). Obes Res 2003;11:313–367.
3 Bouchard C, Perusse L: Genetic aspects of obesity. Ann NY Acad Sci 1993;699:26–35.
4 Hebebrand J, Sommerlad C, Geller F, Gorg T, Hinney A: The genetics of obesity: Practical implications.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2001;25(suppl 1):S10–S18.
5 Farooqi IS, Yeo GS, Keogh JM, Aminian S, Jebb SA, Butler G, Cheetham T, O’Rahilly S:
Dominant and recessive inheritance of morbid obesity associated with melanocortin 4 receptor
deficiency. J Clin Invest 2000;106:271–279.
Hinney A, Hohmann S, Geller F, Vogel C, Hess C, Wermter A-K, Brokamp B, Goldschmidt H,
Siegfried W, Remschmidt H, Schäfer H, Gudermann T, Hebebrand J: Melanocortin-4 receptor
gene: Case-control study and transmission disequilibrium test confirm that functionally relevant
mutations are compatible with a major gene effect for extreme obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab,
in press.
7 Maes HH, Neale MC, Eaves LJ: Genetic and environmental factors in relative body weight and
human adiposity. Behav Genet 1997;27:325–351.
8 Vlietinck R, Derom R, Neale MC, Maes H, van Loon H, Derom C, Thiery M: Genetic and environmental
variation in the birth weight of twins. Behav Genet 1989;19:151–161.
9 Pietilainen KH, Kaprio J, Rissanen A, Winter T, Rimpela A, Viken RJ, Rose RJ: Distribution and
heritability of BMI in Finnish adolescents aged 16y and 17y: A study of 4884 twins and 2509
singletons. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1999;23:107–115.
10F absitz RR, Carmelli D, Hewitt JK: Evidence for independent genetic influences on obesity in
middle age. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1992;16:657–666.
11 Guo SS, Wu W, Chumlea WC, Roche AF: Predicting overweight and obesity in adulthood from
body mass index values in childhood and adolescence. Am J Clin Nutr 2002;76:653–658.
12 Stunkard AJ, Harris JR, Pedersen NL, McClearn GE: The body mass index of twins who have
been reared apart. N Engl J Med 1990;222:1483–1487.
13 Hewitt JK: The genetics of obesity: What have genetic studies told us about the environment. Behav
Genet 1997;27:353–358.
14 Faith MS, Johnson SL, Allison DB: Putting the behavior into the behavior genetics of obesity.
Behav Genet 1997;27:423–439.
15 Segal NL, Allison DB: Twins and virtual twins: Bases of relative body weight revisited. Int J Obes
Relat Metab Disord 2002;26:437–441.
16 Magnusson PK, Rasmussen F: Familial resemblance of body mass index and familial risk of high
and low body mass index: A study of young men in Sweden. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2002;
26:1225–1231.
17 Pomp D: Genetic dissection of obesity in polygenic animal models. Behav Genet 1997;27:
285–306.
18 Ewart-Toland A, Mounzih K, Qiu J, Chehab FF: Effect of the genetic background on the reproduction
of leptin-deficient obese mice. Endocrinology 1999;140:732–738.
19 Plomin R, DeFries JC, McClearn GE, Rutter M: Behavioral Genetics. New York, Freeman, 1997.
20Reed DR, Bachmanov AA, Beauchamp GK, Tordoff MG, Price RA: Heritable variation in food
preferences and their contribution to obesity. Behav Genet 1997;27:373–387.
21 Pérusse L, Tremblay A, Leblanc C, Bouchard C: Genetic and environmental influences on level of
habitual physical activity and exercise participation. Am J Epidemiol 1989;129:1012–1022.
22 Gortmaker SL, Must A, Sobol AM, Peterson K, Colditz GA, Dietz WH: Television viewing as a
cause of increasing obesity among children in the United States, 1986–1990. Arch Pediatr Adolesc
Med 1996;150:356–362.
23 Plomin R, Corley R, Carey G, DeFries JC, Fulker DW: Individual differences in television viewing
in early childhood: Nature as well as nurture. Psychol Sci 1990;1:371–377.
24 Taubes G: As obesity rates rise, experts struggle to explain why. Science 1998;280:1367–1368.
25 Neel JV, Weder AB, Julius S: Type II diabetes, essential hypertension, and obesity as ‘syndromes
of impaired genetic homeostasis’: The ‘thrifty genotype’ hypothesis enters the 21st century.
Perspect Biol Med 1998;42:44–74.
26 Hebebrand J, Wulftange H, Görg T, Ziegler A, Hinney A, Barth N, Mayer H, Remschmidt H:
Epidemic obesity: Are genetic factors involved via increased rates of assortative mating? Int J
Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000;24:345–353.
27 Troiano RP, Flegal KM, Kuczmarski RJ, Campbell SM, Johnson CL: Overweight prevalence and
trends for children and adolescents: The National Health and Nurtrition Examination Surveys,
1963 to 1991. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1995;149:1085–1091.
28 Barth N, Ziegler A, Himmelmann GW, Coners H, Wabitsch M, Hennighausen K, Mayer H,
Remschmidt H, Schäfer H, Hebebrand J: Significant weight gains in a clinical sample of obese
children and adolescents between 1985 and 1995. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1997;21:
122–126.
Tamashiro KL, Wakayama T, Akutsu H, Yamazaki Y, Lachey JL, Wortman MD, Seeley RJ,
D’Alessio DA, Woods SC, Yanagimachi R, Sakai RR: Cloned mice have an obese phenotype not
transmitted to their offspring. Nat Med 2002;8:262–267.
30Bultmann SJ, Michaud EJ, Woychik RP: Molecular characterization of the mouse agouti locus.
Cell 1992;71:1195–1204.
31 Zhang Y, Proenca R, Maffei M, Barone M, Leopold L, Friedman JM: Positional cloning of the
mouse obese gene and its human homologue. Nature 1994;372:425–432.
32 Montague CT, Farooqi IS, Whitehead JP, Soos MA, Rau H, Wareham NJ, Sewter CP, Digby JE,
Mohammed SN, Hurst JA, Cheetham CH, Earley AR, Barnett AH, Prins JB, O’Rahilly S: Congenital
leptin deficiency is associated with severe early-onset obesity in humans. Nature 1997;387:903–908.
33 Strobel A, Issad T, Camoin L, Ozata M, Strosberg AD: A leptin missense mutation associated with
hypogonadism and morbid obesity. Nat Genet 1998;18:213–215.
34 Ozata M, Ozdemir IC, Licinio J: Human leptin deficiency caused by a missense mutation:
Multiple endocrine defects, decreased sympathetic tone, and immune system dysfunction indicate
new targets for leptin action, greater central than peripheral resistance to the effects of leptin, and
spontaneous correction of leptin-mediated defects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999;84:3686–3695.
35 Clément K, Vaisse C, Lahlou N, Cabrol S, Pelloux V, Cassuto D, Gourmelen M, Dina C, Chambaz J,
Lacorte JM, Basdevant A, Bougneres P, Lebouc Y, Froguel P, Guy-Grand B: A mutation in the
human leptin receptor gene causes obesity and pituitary dysfunction. Nature 1998;392:398–401.
36 Jackson RS, Creemers JW, Ohagi S, Raffin-Sanson ML, Sanders L, Montague CT, Hutton JC,
O’Rahilly S: Obesity and impaired prohormone processing associated with mutations in the
human prohormone convertase 1 gene. Nat Genet 1997;16:303–306.
37 Krude H, Biebermann H, Luck W, Horn R, Brabant G, Gruters A: Severe early-onset obesity,
adrenal insufficiency and red hair pigmentation caused by POMC mutations in humans. Nat Genet
1998;19:155–157.
38 Ristow M, Muller-Wieland D, Pfeiffer A, Krone W, Kahn CR: Obesity associated with a mutation
in a genetic regulator of adipocyte differentiation. N Engl J Med 1998;339:953–959.
39 Vaisse C, Clément K, Guy-Grand B, Froguel P: A frameshift mutation in human MC4R is associated
with a dominant form of obesity. Nat Genet 1998;20:113–114.
40Y eo GS, Farooqi IS, Aminian S, Halsall DJ, Stanhope RG, O’Rahilly S: A frameshift mutation in
MC4R associated with dominantly inherited human obesity. Nat Genet 1998;20:111–112.
41 Hinney A, Schmidt A, Nottebom K, Heibült O, Becker I, Ziegler A, Gerber G, Sina M, Görg T,
Mayer H, Siegfried W, Fichter M, Remschmidt H, Hebebrand J: Several mutations in the
melanocortin-4 receptor gene including a nonsense and a frameshift mutation associated with
dominantly inherited obesity in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999;84:1483–1486.
42 Sina M, Hinney A, Ziegler A, Neupert T, Mayer H, Siegfried W, Blum WF, Remschmidt H,
Hebebrand J: Phenotypes in three pedigrees with autosomal dominant obesity caused by haploinsufficiency
mutations in the melanocortin-4 receptor gene. Am J Hum Genet 1999;65:1501–1507.
43 Vaisse C, Clément K, Durand E, Hercberg S, Guy-Grand B, Froguel P: Melanocortin-4 receptor
mutations are a frequent and heterogeneous cause of morbid obesity. J Clin Invest 2000;106:
253–262.
44 Huszar D, Lynch CA, Fairchild-Huntress V, Dunmore JH, Fang Q, Berkemeier LR, Gu W,
Kesterson RA, Boston BA, Cone RD, Smith FJ, Campfield LA, Burn P, Lee F: Targeted disruption
of the melanocortin-4 receptor results in obesity in mice. Cell 1997;88:131–141.
45 Hebebrand J, Fichter M, Gerber G, Gorg T, Hermann H, Geller F, Schafer H, Remschmidt H,
Hinney A: Genetic predisposition to obesity in bulimia nervosa: A mutation screen of the
melanocortin-4 receptor gene. Mol Psychiatry 2002;7:647–651.
46 Branson R, Potoczna N, Kral JG, Lentes KU, Hoehe MR, Horber FF: Binge eating as a major phenotype
of melanocortin 4 receptor gene mutations. N Engl J Med 2003;348:1096–1103.
47 Herpertz S, Siffert W, Hebebrand J: Binge eating as a phenotype of melanocortin 4 receptor gene
mutations. N Engl J Med 2003;349:606–609.
48 Butler AA, Marks DL, Fan W, Kuhn CM, Bartolome M, Cone RD: Melanocortin-4 receptor is
required for acute homeostatic responses to increased dietary fat. Nat Neurosci 2001;4:605–611.
49 Hebebrand J, Friedel S, Schauble N, Geller F, Hinney A: Perspectives: Molecular genetic research
in human obesity. Obes Rev 2003;4:139–146.
50Hager J, Dina C, Francke S, Dubois S, Houari M, Vatin V, Vaillant E, Lorentz N, Basdevant A,
Clément K, Guy-Grand B, Froguel P: A genome-wide scan for human obesity genes reveals a
major susceptibility locus on chromosome 10. Nat Genet 1998;20:304–308.
51 Hinney A, Ziegler A, Oeffner F, Wedewardt C, Vogel M, Wulftange H, Geller F, Stubing K,
Siegfried W, Goldschmidt HP, Remschmidt H, Hebebrand J: Independent confirmation of a major
locus for obesity on chromosome 10. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000;85:2962–2965. Erratum in:
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000;85:3972.
52 Saar K, Geller F, Ruschendorf F, Reis A, Friedel S, Schauble N, Nurnberg P, Siegfried W,
Goldschmidt HP, Schafer H, Ziegler A, Remschmidt H, Hinney A, Hebebrand J: Genome scan for
childhood and adolescent obesity in German families. Pediatrics 2003;111:321–327.

0 komentar:

Posting Komentar

 
Copyright © 2011 FAT CAMPS FOR KIDS | Themes by ada-blog.com.